Agiotista, 185n.81
Aguirre, Antonio, 145
Aldana, Daniel, 119
Alianza, La, 82, 86, 88, 92–95, 97, 160
Alvarez, Domingo E., 138
Amaya, Pablo, 150
Amézquita, E., 69
Amorocho, Marco T., 142, 145, 152–53
Andrews, Reid, 174
Anti-clericalism, 57; political role of clerics, 90; President Mosquera’s anti-church decrees, 165; questioning of religious reforms, 77–78; Radical opposition to anti-clerical measures, 115
Archila, Mauricio, 173
Artisan ideology, 157–61. See also Artisan republicanism
Artisan republicanism, 93–98, 161, 173
Artisans: class expressions, ix, 13, 67, 85, 93, 94, 102, 166, 167–68; comparisons between various Latin American areas, 32, 98–99, 169–73; concern for families, vii, 14, 95–96; craft stratification, 10–11; credit needs, 20–21; definition, 8–10, 160; demography, 5, 181n.16; effect of civil unrest on, vii, 20, 84–85, 128, 159; effect of economic change on, viii, 18–19, 20, 23–24, 79–80, 82–83, 90, 106, 109–11, 123, 127–28, 156, 160–61, 165, 168, 169–72; foreign, 59, 60; and industrial education, 60, 71, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 96, 103–4, 137; leaders, 14–15, 85, 110, 132, 146, 159–60, 168–69; and National Guard, 38–39, 60, 65, 69, 71, 88, 97–98; newspapers, 36–37, 76, 82, 85, 90, 112, 124, 133, 137, 138, 146, 147; participation in public disorder, 109–10, 110–11, 166, 221n.41; petitions, vii, 14, 37–40, 59, 61–62, 64, 67, 90–91, 103, 118, 128–29, 130–31, 141, 198n.23, 209n.51; political mobilizations (see also distinct organizations), 164–69; and political parties, ix, 21–22, 30–31, 64, 84–85, 94–97, 117, 126, 146, 153–55, 159, 161–64; public occasions, 12–13, 145, 221n.41; reasons for mobilization, ix, 67–68, 132, 159–61; and religious issues, 49, 64, 77–78, 95, 159–60, 199n.43; and tariffs, vii–viii, 59, 60–63, 76, 85, 90–91, 103, 117–19, 122, 130–33, 138, 149, 154, 157–58, 164, 171–72, 186n.56, 216n.76; transformation of production, 10–11, 93, 130, 156–57, 168, 182n.27, 224n.1
Atlantic economy, viii, xi, 15, 24, 55, 170, 171; relation to political parties, 26, 218n.107
Azcueñaga, Luis M., 21
Azuero, Vicente, 33, 35, 36, 39
Ballesteros, Calisto, 89, 92, 113
Ballesteros, Cruz, 65, 73, 77, 78, 79, 81, 215n.53
Banks, 20–21, 117–18, 120. See also Caja de ahorros (savings bank)
Baraya, José María, 50
Barrera, Manuel de Jesús, 90–91, 92, 115
Barriga, Joaquín, 42
Basadre, Jorge, 172
Becerra, Ramón, 119
Beltrán, Ignacio, 208n.33
Beltrán, Pompilio, 126
Belzu, Manuel Isidor, 171
Bentham, Jeremy, 28, 37–38, 39
Bergquist, Charles W., xi, 26, 105, 127, 173, 218n.107; Coffee and Conflict in Colombia, 26; Labor in Latin America, 26
Beriña, Ramón, 76
Bermúdez, Práxedes, 110, 208n.33
Boada R., Eduardo, 135
Bogotá, 74, 85; description, 1–3, 114, 169–70; economic conditions, viii, 16–23, 82–83, 110, 123, 127, 160, 165; economic market, 17; occupational profile, 4–7, 130
Bogotazo of 1893, 112
Braun, Herbert, 173
Briceño, Justo, 114
Bushnell, David, 118, 192n.77, 196n.5
Cachacos, 67
Caicedo, Domingo, 38
Caicedo, Edgar, x
Caja de ahorros (savings bank), 20, 106, 134, 137, 140, 158
Cali, 34, 131, 138; social structure, 4–5; Sociedad Democrática, 47–48, 51–52, 74
Calvo, Bartolomé, 116
Camacho, José Leocadio, 85, 89–90, 91, 104, 110, 112, 113, 115, 118, 121, 123, 131–32, 160, 168–69; debate with Miguel Samper, 82–83, 123; ideology, 94–98; role in Union Society of Artisans, 86, 90–91
Camacho, Manuel Dolores, 47
Camacho Roldán, Salvador, 125
Campoamor, José María, 140
Canal, Leonardo, 119
Cárdenas, Simón José, 48, 50, 51, 77, 205–6n.123
Caro, Miguel Antonio, 22, 26, 29, 104–5, 112, 120, 121, 124–27
Castro, Diego, 77
Catholic church, 27–28, 29, 34, 38, 77, 135, 140, 159–60, 167
Catholic Society. See Sociedad Católica
Central Workers’ Syndicate. See Sindicato Central de Obreros
Chartism, 93
Chaves B., Enrique, 126
Church-state relations, 27, 29, 57–59, 66, 77–78, 101, 120–21, 162
Cinchona bark (quina), 15, 101, 119
Civil conflict, 25, 34, 38, 101, 116, 119–20, 124–25, 128
Civil war of 1859–62, 58–59, 77, 99, 113
Club Industrial Colombiano, 126
Coffee, 15, 101, 119, 120, 125, 127–28, 139
Colegio de Artesanos, 84
Colombian Workers Union. See Unión Obrera Colombiana (UOC)
Confederación de Acción Social, 150
Congress (Colombian), vii, 61, 62, 69, 72, 91, 117, 118, 135–36
Conservative insurrection of 1851, 51–52, 58, 65, 119
Conservative party, 26, 65, 67, 69–70, 76, 77, 79, 87, 107, 114, 115, 116, 119, 121, 139, 162, 163, 165; ideology, 27–28; relations with Independent Liberals, 114, 115, 116–17, 121, 124. See also Historical Conservatives
Conspiracy, 113, 125, 133–34, 215n.47
Constitutions: of 1832, 33; of 1843, 39, 73, 119; of 1853, 58, 67–68, 70, 72, 73, 119; of 1858, 58, 101, 119; of 1863, 59, 101, 113, 119; of 1886, 16, 29, 101, 119–21; of 1991, 119
Consuegra, Pedro Mártir, 72
Córdoba, 170
Credit, 17, 18, 20, 71, 83, 117, 158
Cristando, Francisco, 49
Cuervo, Antonio B., 111
Cuervo, Rufino, 39, 42, 44, 46, 50
Cundinamarca, 89, 92, 114, 144
Deas, Malcolm, 128
17 de abril, 20, 56, 58, 70–75, 88, 165, 203nn.89, 92, 204n.100, 207n.18; pardons, 74–75, 204nn.103, 104
Dejad hacer/dejar hacer, 28, 96–97, 98, 102, 117, 120, 124
Democratic–Republican Society of Progressive Artisans and Laborers of the Province of Bogotá. See Sociedad Democrática–Republicana de Artesanos i Laboradores Progresistas de la Provincia de Bogotá
Democratic Society. See Sociedad Democrática
De ser artesano, 10, 94, 157, 160
DeShazo, Peter, 173
Díaz, Porfirio, 132
Disorder, 67, 68–69, 70, 72, 116, 139, 200–1n.57, 221n.41
Draconianos, 58, 65–67, 69–70, 71–73, 77, 99, 162–63, 203n.92
Economic conditions, viii, 15–23, 82, 101–2, 127–29, 169–72
Economic policy, 15–16, 18–20, 103, 117, 120, 127–28, 132
Education, 39, 77–78, 84, 86, 96, 159; industrial, 103–4, 121–22, 137, 158, 160; and partisan divisions, 28
Elections, 33–35, 69, 77, 86, 89–90, 114, 117, 142, 148, 152, 192n.78, 201n.70; (presidential) of 1836, 33, of 1844, 39–40; of 1848, 42–46, 191–92n.71, 192n.77; of 1852, 65, 200n.47; of 1856, 76; of 1869, 114; of 1875, 115, 116; of 1883, 119; of 1891, 124; of 1897, 125–26, 218n.107; of 1904, 132
Engels, Frederick, 9
Escobar Zerda, Nicolás, 68
Escuela Republicana, 63
Espejo, Simón, 49
Esquerra, Nicolás, 125, 135, 136
Exports, 15–16, 19–21, 101, 119, 120, 121; and partisan groups, 26
Fals Borda, Orlando, 198n.32
Family Insurance Society. See Sociedad de Seguros de Familia
Farmers’ Alliance, 84
Federalism, 55, 58, 97, 101, 120, 189–90n.40
Fiscal policy, 15, 16, 19, 27, 56–57, 120, 124, 127–28
Flores, Juan José, 38
France, 42–43, 66, 79, 118, 172, 173, 219n.1
Gaceta Republicana, La, 148, 152
Gaitán, Jorge Eliécer, xiii, 173
Gaitán, José María, 205n.109
Gaitán Otálora, Gustavo, 144
Gálvez, Juan Ignacio, 131, 148
Garai, Narciso, 76
García Lino, 72
García Márquez, Gabriel, 1
Gilibert, Juan María Marcelino, 112
Gilmore, Robert, 57, 189–90n.40
Gólgotas, 29, 58, 65–66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 99, 165; defined, 187n.14
Gómez, José Duque, 35
Gómez, Ramón (El Sapo), 78, 89–90, 91, 114
González, Florentino, 34–36, 40, 42, 63, 66, 67, 68, 69
González, Mariano, 96
González, Saturnino, 86, 90, 215n.53
González Blanco, Pedro, 221n.41
González F., Jesús, 131
González Valencia, Ramón, 136
Gootenberg, Paul, 172
Gori, José Joaquín, 42, 43–44, 165, 192n.77
Greenfield, Gerald, 105
Groot, José Manuel, 49
Grusin, Jay Robert, 196n.5
Guaches, 67
Guild of Carpenters and Cabinetmakers, 122
Gutiérrez, Santos, 78
Gutiérrez Isaza, José Ignacio, 110–11
Gutiérrez Lee, Pedro, 74
Gutiérrez Vergara, Ignacio, 87, 90
Hanagan, Michael, 172
Helguera, J. León, 39, 180n.15, 196n.5
Heredia, Emeterio, 63, 69, 73, 76, 77, 79, 85, 89, 113, 168–69, 200n.47; debate with Ambrosio López, 64
Herrán, Pedro Alcántara, 38
Herrera, Benjamín, 125
Hettner, Alfred, 7
Historical Conservatives, 124, 125, 127–28
Hobsbawm, Eric, 9
Holguín, Jorge, 136
Holy Week, 13
Independent Liberals, 29, 101, 110, 115, 116, 119, 121, 162
Industrialization, 11–12, 18–19, 21, 22–23
Industrial policy, 18–19, 103, 104, 117–18, 121, 158
Industrials, viii, 11, 130, 136, 167
Industrial Society of Artisans. See Sociedad Industrial de Artesanos
Inflation, 21, 110, 123, 127–28
Instituto de Artesanos, 121–22
Institute de Artes y Oficios, 103
Instituto Nacional de Artesanos, 122–23
Jaramillo, Carlos Eduardo, 128
Jesuits, 28, 39, 50, 58, 64, 65, 199nn.41, 43; artisan attitude toward, 37–38, 64; and workers’ congregations, 48
Jiménez, Ramón, 95
Jones, Gareth Stedman, 93
Laborers. See Artisans; Wage-laborers
Labor historiography, x–xii, 172–74, 176n.7
Labor structure, 5–7, 10–12, 23–24, 130, 153–54, 167, 173–74
Ladino, Isidoro, 68
Laissez-faire. See Dejad hacer/dejar hacer
Landínez, Judás Tadeo, 17
La Paz, Bolivia, 170
Leiva, Cayetano, 40
Leiva, Nicolás, 87
León, Miguel, 65, 69, 73, 74, 77, 82
Liberalism, 54–57, 62, 110, 118, 120
Liberal party, 26, 39, 42, 52, 56, 75, 76, 87, 114–15, 116, 120, 124–28, 139, 141, 145, 162; divisions, 65–66, 87, 101, 110, 113, 115, 116, 125–26; ideology, 28, 127. See also Draconianos; Gólgotas; Independent Liberals; Radical Liberals
Liberal Reform era, 19, 28–29, 40, 54–59, 163, 164–65, 169, 172, 196n.5
Liévano Aguirre, Indalecio, 88, 118, 208n.34
Liga (political alliance), 114, 139, 145, 148, 223n.87
Lleras, Lorenzo María, 61–62, 69–70, 75, 76, 77, 84; and Democratic Society, 70, 73; and Sociedad Democrática-Republicana de Artesanos i Laboradores Progresistas de la Provincia de Bogotá, 35–36, 189n.33
Lombana, Vicente, 63
Long, Gary, 173
López, Ambrosio, 76, 79, 81, 96, 97, 102, 113; debate with Emeterio Heredia, 63–64; role in Sociedad de Artesanos, 41, 43, 45; role in Union Society, 86, 89
López, José María, 42–46, 57–58, 64–65; and Democratic Societies, 48, 50, 81; repression of Popular Society, 49, 51, 194–95n.109; role in 17 de abril, 73, 74
López, Pedro, 31
López Pumarejo, Alfonso, 31, 148
Luna E., Andrés, 138
Madiedo, Manuel María, 77, 92, 110, 114–15, 116, 162, 166, 210n.59
Mancera, Pablo E., 150
Manos muertas, 87
Manrique, Cornelio, 114
Mantilla, José María, 49
Maram, Sheldon, 105
Márquez, José Ignacio de, 17, 33–34, 38, 39, 42
Martín, Genaro, 86, 89, 212n.7
Marx, Karl, 9
Master, 10–11, 59–60, 106–7, 183n.51
Mateus, Francisco de P., 84
Medina, Medófilo, 136
Melo, José María, 20, 68, 70, 72–76
Melo revolt of 1854. See 17 de abril
Mendivil, Joaquín Calvo, 91
Mendoza, Rafael, 76
Mercado, Ramón, 76
Mexico, 172
Monagas, José Tadeo, 45
Mosquera, Tomás Cipriano de, 27, 28, 30, 38, 39, 45, 74, 76, 77, 92, 99, 114, 159; presidencies, 40, 42, 54, 56, 58–59, 87, 165; 29 de abril coup attempt, 87–89, 166, 208n.33
Mosqueristas, 91, 101, 114, 115, 209n.53
Munévar, José Joaquín, 145
Municipal council elections, 77, 87, 113, 117, 136–37, 139, 145
Murillo Toro, Manuel, 65, 76, 79, 84, 103, 104
Mutual aid societies, x, 48, 102, 105–7, 108, 128, 134, 159–60, 166, 213n.25. See also specific organizations
Mutual Aid Society. See Sociedad de Socorros Mutuos, La
Nates, Emeterio, 131
National Assembly, 133, 135–36
National Guard, 38, 69, 88; and Democratic Societies, 48, 52, 71, 72, 73
National party: in 1850s, 30, 76; in 1880s, 29, 30, 121, 124, 125, 126, 128, 166
National Union of Workers and Industrials. See Unión Nacional de Industriales y Obreros (UNIO)
Navarro B., Alberto, 137
New York City, 93
Nieto, Juan José, 61
Nieto Arteta, Luis Eduardo, 26, 27, 196n.5
Novoa, Agustín, 97
Núcleo, El, 77
Núñez, Rafael, 22, 23, 29, 102, 104, 110, 115, 116, 118, 119, 124, 159; and Regeneration, 101, 116–24; and tariff reform, 118, 158; and third parties, 30, 162, 163
Núñez Conto, Juan Nepomuceno, 47
Obaldía, José de, 43, 46, 73, 74–75, 205n.109
Obando, José María, 33, 38, 42, 52, 70, 162, 200nn.47, 53; political career, 29–30, 65–67; role in 17 de abril, 72–75
Obregón, Francisco Antonio, 71, 72, 76
Oficina del Trabajo. See Work Office
Olaya, Francisco, 91
Ordóñez Torres, Ramón, 102, 208n.33
Ortega, José María, 50
Ortiz, José Joaquín, 124
Ospina Rodríguez, Mariano, 28, 39, 44; 46, 49, 76
Ospina Vásquez, Luis, 118, 132, 184n.56
Palacios, Marco, 127
Palacios, Nepomuceno, 68–69, 81
Palonegro, 126
Pan de a cuarto riot (quarter-peso bread riot), 109–10, 166, 214n.34
Paniagua, Bartolomé, 208n.33
Páramo, Alberto Manrique, 152
París Santamaría, Antonio, 68, 74, 82
Park, James William, 26
Parra, Aquileo, 110, 115, 116, 125, 126
Partido Obrero. See Workers’ party
Partisan struggle, ix, 25, 156, 161–64; and opening allowed to artisans, 30–31
Pasto, 38
Patron/client relations, 31, 32, 162–63
Pérez, Santiago, 109, 115, 124, 125
Peru, 99
Philanthropic Society. See Sociedad Filantrópica
Plata, José María, 68
Plata, Martín, 50
Political culture, 25, 169; formation of, 32–34, 52–53, 56–57
Political parties, 25, 28–29, 108; debate over origins and ideologies, 25–27, 188–89n.23; ideological differences, 27–30, 115, 161–62
Political recruitment, 10, 30–31, 34–37, 52–53, 139, 142, 155, 162–65, 168
Pombo, Miguel, 87
Popayán, 34, 72, 76, 126, 130, 131, 138, 203n.89
Pope Leo XIII, 140
Popular Society. See Sociedad Popular (1868)
Popular Society of Mutual Instruction and Fraternal Christianity. See Sociedad Popular de Instrucción Mutua i Fraternidad Cristiana, La
Posada, Joaquín, 74
Posse, Florentino V., 49
Pradilla, Urbano, 49
Progresistas (progressives), 34, 35–37
Public Safety Society. See Sociedad de Salud Pública
Quintero Calderón, Guillermo, 125, 136, 138
Quirós, Ramón, 70
Quito, 170
Radical Liberals, 58, 77, 87, 92, 103–5, 110, 114, 115, 116, 119
Ramírez, Fruto, 102
Rancière, Jacques, 225n.15
Razón del Obrero, La, 138
Regeneration, 22–23, 29, 98, 101–2, 103, 117–22, 125, 127, 158
Rengifo, Tomás, 117
Repression, 49, 51, 52, 125, 133–34; and Law of the Horses, 113, 124, 218n.103
Republicanism, 27, 161. See also Artisan republicanism
Republican School. See Escuela Republicana
Republican Union. See Unión Republicana
Rerum Novarum, 140
Restrepo, Carlos E., 136, 137, 138
Restrepo, José Manuel, 17
Reyes, Rafael, 22, 26, 29, 104, 121, 131, 132–34, 135–36, 137, 158, 159, 163
Reyes Daza, Rafael, 139
Rio de Janeiro, 170
Rivera, Luciano, 95
Roa Ramírez, Felipe, 86, 96, 102, 115
Rock, Howard B., 9
Rodríguez, Agustín, 40, 41, 44, 59, 75, 89
Rodríguez, Camilo, 51
Rodríguez, Ignacio, 51
Rodríguez, Juan Nepomuceno, 122
Rojas, Ezequiel, 35, 36, 43, 87
Rosales, Ramón, 148
Röthlisberger, Ernst, 7
Ruiz, Tiburcio, 114
Saavedra, José Antonio, 73, 87–88, 91, 92, 110, 113, 115, 168, 208nn.33, 34, 209n.53
St. Monday (hacer lunes, el lunes de los zapateros), 13, 210n.57
Salesian Institute, 123
Salgar, Eustorgio, 102, 103, 104, 114, 115
Samper, José María, 28, 29, 50, 63, 64, 79, 115, 116, 121, 198n.31
Samper, Miguel, 20, 112, 117, 118, 123, 125; debate with José Leocadio Camacho, 82–83, 123
Samudio, Cenón, 69
Sánchez, Gonzalo, 128
Sanclemente, Manuel A., 125, 126
Sanmiguel, J. Peregrino, 89
Santa, Eduardo, 25
Santander, Francisco de Paula, 16, 28, 33–34, 39
Santander, Rafael Elisio, 35, 36
Santa Orosía Society. See Sociedad de Santa Orosía
Santiago, 169
School of Arts and Trades, 104
7 de marzo, 44–46, 57, 62, 71, 79, 165, 192n.81
Sicard, Alberto, 150
Silva, Martín, 11
Sindicato Central de Obreros, 150
Social Action Confederation. See Confederación de Acción Social
Socialism, 42–43, 63, 78–79, 144, 146–47, 151–53, 154, 168, 198n.32
Social violence, 102, 108–11, 135–36, 151–52, 166, 214n.34
Sociedad Católica, 34–37, 162, 189n.28
Sociedad de Amigos del Pueblo, 47
Sociedad de Amigos de Paz, 134
Sociedad de Carpenteros Unidos, 134
Sociedad de Igualidad, 172
Sociedad de Impresores, 134
Sociedad de Juventud Radical, 116
Sociedad de la Cruz, 135
Sociedad de la Protectora, 135
Sociedad Democrática: of 1867, 88, 91, 92; of 1875, 114, 115–16, 216n.62
Sociedad (Democrática) de Artesanos de Bogotá, vii, ix–x, 40–46, 67, 68, 86, 108, 110, 159, 171, 190n.51, 190–91n.53, 199n.43, 201n.58; clashes with Popular Society, 49–50, 51; degree of socialist influence, 42–43, 63, 78–79; growth of, 41–42, 47–48, 193n.90; opposition to, 41; reasons for establishment, 40–41, 60, 164–65; relations with draconianos, 58, 71, 165; relations with Liberals, 42–44, 47–48, 62–63, 65, 71, 81–82, 163, 165; role in 17 de abril, 68, 69, 70–74, 202nn.79, 80, 84; role in 7 de marzo selection, 45–46, 192n.81, 193n.88
Sociedad Democrática de Cali, 47, 51–52, 74, 194n.95
Sociedad Democrática-Republicana de Artesanos i Laboradores Progresistas de la Provincia de Bogotá, 35–37, 162, 189n.33
Sociedad de Salud Pública, 119, 216–17n.78
Sociedad de Santa Osoría, 135
Sociedad de Seguros de Familia, 108
Sociedad de Socorros Mutuos, La, 107–8, 111, 116, 117, 134, 136, 150, 166
Sociedad Filantrópica, 107–8, 111, 112, 134, 136, 166
Sociedad Industrial de Artesanos, 102–5
Sociedad Liberal Independiente, La, 116
Sociedad Popular (1868), 91–92
Sociedad Popular de Instrucción Mutua i Fraternidad Cristiana, La, 159, 163; clashes with Democratic Societies, 49–50, 51; establishment of, 48, 194n.98; and Jesuits, 65; relations with Conservatives, 48–49
Sociedad Tipográfica de Mutua Protección, 107, 134, 141
Sociedad Unión de Artesanos, 10, 81, 86–93, 102, 108, 115, 159, 209nn.46, 51; establishment of, 86, 165; ideology, 87, 90–91, 93–98, 165–66, 210n.69; internal turmoil, 89, 90, 91–92; political activity, 87, 89, 90–91; relations with political parties, 87, 88, 89, 97, 116; and 29 de abril coup, 88–89
Society of Equality. See Sociedad de Igualidad
Soto, Foción, 125
Sources, description of, xiii, 180n.15
Spalding, Hobart, Jr., xi
Sucre, Antonio José de, 33
Suffrage, 39, 57, 69, 75, 77, 78, 121, 161, 188n.17
Tapias, Rafael, 13, 91, 92, 102, 103, 115, 122, 210n.57
Tariff, 16–17, 19, 21–22, 40, 82, 90, 117–18, 122, 130–32, 171, 184n.56. See also Artisans: and tariffs
Third parties, 30, 64, 76, 159, 162–63
Torre Narváez, Eustacio de la, 125
Torres Amaya, Alejandro, 126, 133, 138
Torres Caicedo, José María, 49
Torres Hinestrosa, Francisco, 40, 73
Transportation, 2, 17, 120, 158
Trujillo, Julián, 116
Typesetters’ Mutual Protection Society. See Sociedad Tipográfica de Mutua Protección
Unión de Industriales y Obreros, 12, 130–32, 133, 148
Unión Industrial, 137
Unión Nacional de Industriales y Obreros (UNIO), 134, 137–42, 144, 145, 146, 154, 158, 166–67, 221n.41; objectives, 137, 142, 222n.53
Unión Obrera Colombiana (UOC), 143–45, 146, 150, 154, 158, 167
Union of Colombian Workers, 140
Unión Republicana, 29, 136, 137, 141, 148, 162
Union Society. See Sociedad Unión
Union Society of Artisans. See Sociedad Unión de Artesanos
United States, 84, 93, 127, 129, 135, 161
Uribe Uribe, Rafael, 125, 126, 138, 140, 142, 145, 148, 167
Urrutia Montoya, Miguel, x, 135
Valenzuela, Luis B., 103
Valenzuela, Teodoro, 84
Valois Madero, Félix, 112, 113, 122, 123, 135
Vanegas, Ricardo, 119
Vargas, Juan Nepomuceno, 35
Vatican, 121
Vega, José María, 73, 74, 75, 77, 110
29 de abril (1867), 87–88, 165–66, 208n.33
Vélez, Marceliano, 124, 125, 132
Vergara Tenorio, José María, 43
Vergara y Vergara, José María, 84
Wage-laborers, 11–12, 21–23, 129, 130, 141, 144, 149, 152–53, 154, 160–61, 166–67; ley de accidentes del trabajo, 144–45
War. See specific war and/or civil conflict
War of the Supremes, 17, 28, 38–39, 108; role in partisan alignment, 39
War of the 1000 Days, 21, 26, 101, 121, 126–28, 162; relation to political economy, 127–28
Wilches, Salón, 119
Women, 5, 21–23, 95–96, 143, 147, 186n.85
Workers’ Assembly. See Asemblea Obrera
Workers’ Circle. See Círculo de Obreros
Workers’ party: of 1909, 138, 139; of 1916, 146–49, 150
Workers’ Union. See Unión Obrera
Work Office, 143
World market. See Atlantic economy