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Mary Heaton Vorse: The Life of an American Insurgent: Mary Heaton Vorse: The Life of an American Insurgent

Mary Heaton Vorse: The Life of an American Insurgent
Mary Heaton Vorse: The Life of an American Insurgent
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table of contents
  1. Cover
  2. Series Page
  3. Title Page
  4. Copyright
  5. Dedication
  6. Foreword
  7. Contents
  8. Preface
  9. Acknowledgments
  10. Part One: 1874–1910
    1. One. Amherst
    2. Two. La Bohémienne
    3. Three. Completed Circle
  11. Part Two: 1910–1915
    1. Four. Crossroads
    2. Five. Banner of Revolt
    3. Six. Women’s Peace, Men’s War
  12. Part Three: 1916–1919
    1. Seven. Down the Road Again
    2. Eight. Footnote to Folly
    3. Nine. The Left Fork
  13. Part Four: 1919–1928
    1. Ten. Union Activist
    2. Eleven. Smashup
    3. Twelve. The Long Eclipse
  14. Part Five: 1929–1941
    1. Thirteen. War in the South
    2. Fourteen. Holding the Line
    3. Fifteen. Washington Whirl
    4. Sixteen. Labor’s New Millions
  15. Part Six: 1942–1966
    1. Seventeen. The Last Lap
    2. Eighteen. Serene Plateau
  16. Notes
  17. Index
  18. Series List

Index

A Club, 36–38

Abbott, Grace, 88

Academy Delecluse, 17

Addams, Jane, 77, 88, 92, 122, 148, 182, 268

Aderholt, O. F., 225, 227–228

Agricultural Adjustment Administration, 262, 266

Amalgamated Clothing Workers, 162–163, 167–169, 264

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 162, 171–172, 202, 243, 268

American Federation of Labor (AFL), 52, 54–55, 155, 165–167, 230, 264, 266, 273, 292, 293–294

American Fund for Public Service, 197, 202

American Relief Administration (ARA), 129–130, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144, 148–149, 178

American Union Against Militarism, 88

Ames, Elizabeth, 248–249

Amherst, Mass., 3–5, 20, 25–26, 27, 36

Anastasia, Anthony, 313

Anderson, Mary, 261

Anderson, Sherwood, 215, 241, 252, 317

Andrews, Fannie Fern, 88

Andrews, Jeannette, 314

Art Students’ League, N.Y.C., 21, 22

Austin, Mary, 105, 234

Avrich, Paul, 84

Bachelor Girl, 23

Baker, Sara Josephine, 69, 70

Balabanoff, Angelika, 127

Balch, Emily, 88, 90

Baldwin, Roger, 148

Barry, Griffin, 135

Beach, Alice, 72

Beach, Holly and Sylvia, 131

Beal, Fred, 215–216, 218, 219, 220, 225, 226, 228, 237

Beals, Carleton, 234

Beard, Charles, 241

Beatty, Bessie, 68, 177

Beauchamp, Jack, 259, 291, 302

Becker, Maurice, 72

Bentley, Elizabeth, 180

Berkman, Alexander, 180

Bingham, Alfred, 254, 255, 302

Blankenhorn, Ann Craton. See Craton, Ann

Blankenhorn, Heber, 168, 260, 302

Bliven, Bruce, 290

Bourne, Randolph, 65, 102

Boyce, Neith, 75, 81, 82, 98–100, 102, 107; death of, 310

Boyd, Fred, 86–87

Boyden, Frederick (“Archie”), 311

Boyden, Polly, 244, 311

Boyesen, Bayard, 86–87

Breckenridge, Sophonisba P., 88, 90

Brenner, Anita, 303

Bridges, Harry, 264, 293

Brooks, Van Wyck, 62

Brophy, John, 270–271, 292, 293

Browder, Earl, 216, 217

Brubaker, Howard, 36, 37

Bruere, Martha, 37

Bruere, Robert, 37, 168, 260

Bryant, Louise, 106

Buch (Weisbord), Vera, 216, 218, 219–220, 221–222, 224–225, 237

Buffum, Emily and Vryling, 12

Buhle, Mari Jo, 15, 217

Buhle, Paul, 217

Bullard, Arthur, 37, 43, 77, 116

Bureau of Investigation, 70, 118, 171–172, 267. See also Federal Bureau of Investigation

Burt, Frederick, 107

Cahan, Abraham, 138, 141

Canfield, Dorothy, 105

Caplin, Leo, 136, 172

Carlin, Terry, 107

Carter, Bertha, 37

Cather, Willa, 183

Catholic Worker movement, 235, 253

Catt, Carrie, 77, 89

Chamberlin, William, 257

Chambers, Whittaker, 263, 317

Chase, Stuart, 254

Chavez, César, 324

Cheever, John, 249

Coe, Fleeta Springer. See Springer, Fleeta

Colby, Frank Moore, 24

Collier, John, 267, 268

Commager, Henry Steele, 14

Committee of Industrial Organization (CIO), 283–284, 289–290, 292–295, 309–310; organization of, 266, 270–272; and steel workers, 285–287. See also Lewis, John L.; United Auto Workers

Committee on Public Information (CPI), 115–116, 122, 158

Communism, 147, 164, 253–254, 293, 303, 317, 322–323; and Gastonia, N.C., 216–217; and Josephine Herbst, 302–303; and 1919 steel strike, 155–156; and unemployed, 251–253. See also Vorse, Mary Heaton, and communism

Cook, George “Jig” Cram, 62, 75, 81–82, 83, 99–100, 107

Coolidge, A. C., 140, 141, 144

Corley, Don, 345n5

Cothren, Marion, 90–91, 108, 110

Cowley, Malcolm, 11, 244, 245, 246, 252, 317

Craton, Ann, 163–167, 260, 302, 306, 314, 323, 324

Creel, George, 116–117

Curran, Joe, 317

Darrow, Clarence, 73

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR), 267

Dawson, Ellen, 216

Day, Dorothy, 235, 251–253

Debs, Eugene, 51, 181–182

DeCaux, Len, 270–271, 292, 293

Dell, Floyd, 62–63, 64, 72, 76, 81–82, 106, 118, 146, 262

Dennett, Mary Ware, 69

Dennett, Tyler, 114

de Vere Taylor, Kathleen, 68

Dewey, John, 122, 254, 267

Dewson, Mary W., 261

Dickinson, Emily, 4

Dilling, Elizabeth, 268, 269

Dodge (Luhan), Mabel, 63, 67, 70, 71, 81, 97–99, 106, 107, 234

Dorr, Rheta Childe, 68, 70

Dos Passos, John, 135–136, 234, 236, 249, 254, 256, 273, 292, 303; and The Big Money, xi, 159–160, 185–186, 351n12; 368nn24, 25, and Chosen Country, xi, 159, 315–317, 319; and Gastonia, N.C., 225, 226; and Harlan County, Ky., 239–240, 241, 243

Draper, Theodore, 137, 214, 248

Dreiser, Theodore, 37, 63, 239, 241–242, 249

Dubinsky, David, 264, 270, 273, 293

Dubofsky, Melvyn, 109, 283

Duncan, Winifred, 204

Eastman, Crystal, 69, 71, 88, 118

Eastman, Max, 65, 72–73, 82, 86, 106, 118, 146

Ecole des Beaux Arts, 18

Edel, Leon, xvii

Ettor, Joe, 56, 108

Farmers’ Holiday Movement, 251

Farrell, Jim, 317

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 70, 118, 267, 269, 287, 302–303, 304–306, 367nn7, 8

Federated Press, 162, 168, 241, 243, 251, 260

Field, Eugene, 4

Filene, Peter, 15

Fine, Sidney, 279

Flint, Mich., sit-down strike (1937), 275–282, 292

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 68, 69, 70, 171, 174, 239, 265, 283, 322; and amnesty campaign, 182; and Carlo Tresca, 203–204; at Lawrence, Mass., textile strike, 55, 57–58; at Mesabi Range strike, 107–108, 110–111; at Passaic textile strike 196–197

Forbes, Beatrice, 68

Foster, William Z., 154, 160, 239, 248, 293

Frank, Jerome, 262, 266

Frank, Waldo, 136, 244, 246, 247, 249, 250, 252

Free, Edward E., 346n16

Freeman, Joseph, 65, 66, 136, 238

Frey, John, 293–294

Gale, Zona, 68

Gastonia, N.C., textile strike (1929), 213–225, 227, 256; trial in, 226–228

General Federation of Women’s Clubs, 14

George, Lloyd, 121, 140

Gibson, Lydia, 174, 183–184, 235, 250, 354n6

Gilder, Richard Watson, 37

Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, 13, 68, 70

Gitlow, Benjamin, 201

Glackens, William, 37

Glaspell, Susan, 63, 64, 68, 75, 80–82, 83, 236; and Joe O’Brien, 100–101; and Provincetown Players, 99–100, 106–107; death of, 310

Gold, Michael, 237–238

Goldman, Emma, 67, 136, 180

Gompers, Samuel, 122, 158, 160

Gorky, Maxim, 37–38

Greenwich Village, N.Y.C., 28–29, 47, 62–74

Greenwood, Marion, 249

Gregory, T. T. C., 139–140, 143, 144–145, 149

Gutterson, Herbert L., 149

Haessler, Carl, 238, 275–276

Hale, Robertson, 68

Halladay, Polly, 86

Hamilton, Alice, 88

Hammond, John Henry, 244, 245

Hapgood, Hutchins, 25, 26, 63–64, 66, 71, 75, 80–81, 83, 86–87, 98–100, 102; death of, 310

Hard, William, 158

Harding, Warren, 181–182

Harlan County, Ky., 60, 239–240, 241–248

Harn, Josie, 149, 170, 195, 208, 234; death of, 310

Harriman, Mrs. J. Borden, 48

Harrison, Constance Cary, 23

Havel, Hippolyte, 86, 161

Hawthorne, Hazel, 236

Haywood, William (Big Bill), 55, 57–58, 59, 62, 70, 73, 107, 118, 215

Heaton, Ellen (mother), 5–9, 11–14, 20–21, 30, 47, 125; death of, 44

Heaton, Hiram (father), 5–6, 12–13, 20, 47

Hemingway, Ernest, 256, 274, 287–288

Herbst, Josephine, 249, 251, 265, 272–273, 307, 308, 314, 335n18; and FBI, 302–303, 366n3, 367n14; at Flint, Mich., sit-down strike, 280; and Ware group, 262–263

Herrmann, John, 251, 262–263, 272

Heterodoxy Club, 63, 66–72, 299, 342n10

Hickerson, Harold, 244

Hillman, Sidney, 164, 168–169, 264, 293, 309

Hinkle, Beatrice, 68

Hirsch, Charlotte Teller, 37

Hiss, Alger, 262–263, 317, 367n14

Hochman, Julius, 273

Hollingsworth, Leta, 68

Hook, Sidney, 249

Hoover, Herbert, 129–130, 138, 140, 144, 148, 151, 178

Hoover, J. Edgar, 148, 161–162, 269, 305–306

Hopkins, Alison Turnbull, 69

Hopkins, Harry, 265

Horthy, Miklos, 143

House, Edward, 145

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 268, 269, 284, 293–294, 317

Howe, Marie Jenney, 66, 67, 69, 70, 259

Howe, Quincy, 244

Howells, William Dean, 23, 37, 40

Hull, Helen, 68

Huneker, Clio, 24

Huneker, James, 21, 22, 24, 25, 29

Hurst, Fannie, 68, 71, 105

Hutcheson, William, 266

Indian Bureau, 267, 269, 294

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), 118, 147, 166, 314, 318, 320; at Lawrence textile strike, 51, 54–55; at Mesabi Range strike, 109, 111

Interchurch World Movement, 155, 156, 158

International Council of Women, 15

International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU), 264, 293

International Longshoremen’s Association (ILA), 312–313

International Socialist Conference (1919), 126–128

International Woman Suffrage Alliance Meeting (1913), 76–79; and International Congress of Women (1915), 87–93, 127

Irwin, Inez Haynes Gillmore, 63, 68, 71, 72

Irwin, Will, 115, 158

Isserman, Maurice, 323

Jackson, Gardner, 294, 317

Jakobi, Paula, 69

James, Henry, 40

Jemison, Alice Lee, 268–269, 294

Jennison, Midge, 37

Johnson, Genora, 277–280

Johnson, Malcolm, 312

Jones, Ellis O., 72

Jones, Mother, 37, 157, 280

Josephson, Matthew, 266

Kalinin, Mikhail, 177

Károlyi, Mihaly, 140, 142

Kazin, Alfred, 62

Kemp, Harry, 106, 236

Kempton, Murray, xi, 312, 320; and Part of Our Time, 315, 317–319

Kraus, Dorothy, 280

Kun, Bela, 130, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148

La Follette, Fola, 68, 70, 71, 259

Labour Party (British), 121–123, 240

Langer, Elinor, 263

Langer, Lawrence, 72

Lansbury, George, 127–128

Larkin, Margaret (Maltz), 229, 309, 324

Lawrence, Mass., textile strike (1912), 51–61

League of American Writers, 273, 286

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 140, 146, 172, 176, 178, 179

Lewis, John L., 264, 266, 270–271, 283, 293, 294–295, 302

Lewis, Kathryn, 302

Lewis, Sinclair, 75, 230, 238, 256, 292

Liberal Club, 36, 63, 64, 71–72

Lieder, Benjamin, 244

Lippmann, Walter, 322

Little Steel Strike (1937), 284–286, 290

Lochner, Louis, 241, 323

Lohse, Dora, 165–166

Lovett, Robert Morse, 252

Lowell, Amy, 69

Lyons, Eugene, 257

MacArthur, Mary, 122–123

MacCameron, Robert, 19

McCarthy, Joseph, 310, 317

McCarthy, Mary, 303

Maltz, Albert, 309, 317

Marvin, Sidney (stepbrother), 9–10

Masses, the, 62–63, 64, 72–74, 118, 314

Matson, Norman, 192–193, 204, 236

Melvin, Sophie (Gerson), 225

Mesabi Range, Minn., mining strike (1916), 107–114

Milburn, George, 249

Milholland, Inez, 69

Miller, Alice Duer, 69, 106

Minor, Robert, xiv, 135–138, 145–147, 161, 170–177, 181, 190–191, 195, 201, 235, 248, 349nn18, 19; and The Big Money, 159, 186; and Chosen Country, 315–316; and Emma Goldman, 180; and Lydia Gibson, 174, 183–184; and Part of Our Time, 319; death of, 310

Mitchell, Elsa Reed, 244, 247

Montessori, Maria, 75–76, 80

Montgomery, David, 58

Mooney, Tom, 137, 145

Murphy, Frank, 275, 281

Murray, Phillip, 293, 310, 317, 318

Muste, A. J., 264

National American Woman Suffrage Association, 14

National Hunger March, 251–253

National Recovery Administration (NRA), 260–261

National Textile Workers Union, 216, 229

National Woman’s Party, 69

New Woman, 14, 20, 23

New York (City) Milk Committee, 48–49

New York City Woman Suffrage Party, 88

Newdick, Edwin, 154, 158

Nordfeldt, Bror, 39

Norris, Kathleen, 105

Norton, Mary T., 261

Oak, Liston, 229, 244

O’Brien, Joe (husband), 61, 74–76, 80–81, 82–85, 87, 97–102, 107, 125, 137; at Lawrence textile strike, 56–57, 59; death of, 100–101

O’Brien, Joel (son), 84–85, 105, 106, 114, 234, 236, 253, 260, 302, 306, 308, 312

O’Carroll, Joe, 86

O’Connor, Harvey and Jessie, 243, 260

O’Hare, Kate Richards, 182

O’Neill, Eugene, 107, 235, 314

O’Neill, Rose, 37

O’Reilly, Leonore, 88, 90

Parsons, Elsie Clews, 68

Passaic, N.J., textile strike (1926), 196–203

Pearson, Drew, 131

Peary, Robert E., 25, 35

Perkins, Frances, 37, 100, 106, 260

Pethick-Lawrence, Emmeline, 90

Pinchot, Amos, 106

Pinchot, Cornelia, 292

Platten, Fritz, 127–128

Plotkin, Abe, 165–166

Poole, Ernest, 37

Potter, Grace, 68

Provincetown, Mass., 35–36, 39–40, 81–87, 97–100, 106–107, 225, 236, 291–292, 294, 320, 321, 325, 327

Provincetown Players, 63, 75, 80, 99–100, 105–107, 161, 314

Putnam, Nina Wilcox, 68

Rauh, Ida, 68, 106

Red Scare, 147, 148, 161–162, 165

Reed, John, 114, 118, 135, 196–197, 257; and Greenwich Village, 63–64, 312; and John Reed Clubs, 294; and Provincetown, 97, 98, 106–107

Reuther, Roy, 317

Reuther, Victor, 317, 325

Reuther, Walter, 317, 325, 326

Rivera, Diego, 235, 303

Robeson, Paul, 317

Robinson, Herbert, 131

Rodman, Henrietta, 64, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72

Rodman, Selden, 254

Rogers, Lou, 68

Roosevelt, Eleanor, 261, 266, 325

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 264, 294–295

Roosevelt, Theodore, 26, 38, 51, 88

Sacco-Vanzetti case, 171–172, 202

Sand, George, 29

Sandburg, Carl, 73

Sanger, Margaret, 53, 56, 67, 106, 148

Schechter, Amy, 216, 225

Schneiderman, Rose, 51

Scott, Leroy, 37

Scott, Miriam, 37

Scottsboro Boys trial, 253–254

Scudder, Vida, 59

Shaw, Anna, 77

Shinn, Anne O’Hagan, 68, 106

Siegel, Morton, 198

Simms, Harry, 245, 246

Sloan, Dolly, 37

Sloan, John, 37, 72

Smith, Hilda Worthington, 261, 302

Smith, Jessica, 262–263

Soule, George, 254

Springer, Fleeta, 260, 302, 303

Steel strike: of 1919, 149, 154–160, 271–272; of 1937, 284–286, 290

Steele, Wilbur Daniel, 39, 43, 74, 99–100

Steffens, Lincoln, 26, 34, 59, 63–64, 85, 106, 145, 262

Stokes, Rose Pastor, 69, 70, 71

Stolberg, Benjamin, 288–289

Strunsky, Anna, 37

Strunsky, Rose, 37, 69, 70

Sutton, Vida, 69

Tannenbaum, Frank, 84, 100

Taub, Allan, 244, 247

Todd, Mabel Loomis, 4

Travis, Bob, 281, 292

Treadway, Allen T., 287

Tresca, Carlo, 58, 84, 108–109, 111–112, 171, 196

Triangle Shirtwaist Co. fire, 49–51

Trotsky, Leon, 127, 177, 178

Truman, Pres. Harry, 308, 309

Twain, Mark, 37

United Auto Workers (UAW), 275–276, 278–282, 309, 310, 311, 324–326

United Garment Workers, 165, 167

United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), 167, 242, 248, 264

United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), 303–307

United Textile Workers, 165, 266

Untermeyer, Louis, 11, 72

Van Tyne, Walter, 283

Veblen, Thorstein, 122

Vietnam War, 325–326

Vorse, Albert (husband), 25–27, 28–40; death of, 43–44

Vorse, Heaton (son), 249, 253, 260, 277, 291, 302, 311–312, 313; birth of, 29; childhood and youth of, 39, 43, 114, 115, 119, 149; in MHV’s old age, 325–326; and Robert Minor, 174; and wounding of, in strike, 282–283

Vorse, Mary Ellen (daughter), 187–188, 234, 235–236, 253, 259, 291, 302, 311–312; birth of, 38; childhood of, 40, 114; in Europe (1927), 204–206

Vorse, Mary Heaton: and Amalgamated Clothing Workers, 162–169; and amnesty campaign, 181–183; as art student, 17–19, 21–25; in Austria, 138–141, 143–144; in Big Money, xi, 159–160, 185–186, and character in Chosen Country, xi, 159, 314–317, 319, 368–369n24; childhood and youth of, 3–10, 12–16; and Cold War, 302–303, 307–310, 322–323; and Committee on Public Information, 115–117; and communism, xvi, xvii–xviii, 201–203, 238–239, 248, 284, 286–289, 294–295; and communism—Cold War, 308–309, 322–323; and communism—Common Sense, 254–255, 263; and communism—Josephine Herbst, 302–303; and communism—redbaiting, 267–270, 293–295, 304–306; and communism—Soviet Union, 172–173, 257–258; and Farmers’ Holiday Movement, 251; at Flint, Mich., sit-down strike, 275–284; at Gastonia, N.C., textile strike and trial, 213–225, 226–229, 256; and Germany (1933), 255–257; in Greenwich Village, 63–67, 71–74; in Harlan County, Ky., 239–240, 241–248; in Hungary, 140–143; and Indian Bureau, 267–270; and International Longshoremen’s Assoc., 312–313; at International Socialist Conference, 126–128; at International Woman Suffrage Alliance and International Congress of Women, 76–79, 87–93; at Lawrence, Mass., textile strike, 51–61; at Marion, N.C., textile strike, 230–232; at Mesabi Range, Minn., mining strike, 107–114; and morphine addiction, 102, 184–186, 191, 195–196, 208; as mother, 187–189, 193–194, 204, 236, 250, 259–260, 290–291, 311–312; at 1919 steel strike, 149, 154–160, 271–272; at 1937 steel strike, 284–286, 290; and old age, 307, 314, 320, 321–322; in Part of Our Time, 315, 317–319; at Passaic, N.J., textile strike, 196–203; and Sacco-Vanzetti case, 171–172, 202; at Scottsboro Boys trial, 253–254; in Serbia, 128–134; in Soviet Union, 175–181, 257–258; and suffrage, 87–90, 105; at Triangle Shirtwaist Co. fire, 49–51; and unemployment movement, 84–85, 251–253; and United Auto Workers Social Justice Award, 324–325; and UNRRA, 304–307; at Venice general strike, 32–33; and Ware group, 262–263; works of: Footnote to Folly, A, 61, 262, 269; Labors New Millions, 288–290; Men and Steel, 170, 172; Second Cabin, The, 181, 209; Strike!, 235, 236–238; Time and the Town, 291–292; as writer, 30–32, 41–43, 60–61, 114–115, 189–190, 192, 197, 301–302; at Yaddo colony, 248–250, 313–314

Vorse, Sue, 260, 291

Wald, Lillian, 148

Wales, Julia Grace, 88–89

Walker, Adelaide, 239, 241, 243, 244, 260

Walker, Charles, 239, 241, 243, 244, 249, 260, 303

Wallace, Henry, 266, 308

Walling, William English, 37

Ware group, 262–263

Watson, Morris, 280, 282

Weisbord, Albert, 196, 203, 217, 218, 220–221

Westley, Helen, 68

Weyl, Nathaniel, 262–263

Weyl, Walter, 37, 117

White, Sue Shelton, 261

White, William Allen, 59, 105, 158

Whitehouse, Vira, 69, 90, 105

Wiggins, Ella May, 223, 229, 237, 244, 358n38

Willard, Frances, 14, 27

Wilson, Edmund, 147, 236, 249, 250, 252, 259–260, 292, 303, 317; at Harlan County, Ky., 243–244, 245, 246, 247

Wilson, Paul, 37, 44, 106

Wilson, Woodrow, 51, 92, 123–124, 140, 144

Winant, John Gilbert, 296–297

Winchell, Walter, 283, 312

Winslow, Horatio, 72

Winter, Charles, 72

Winter, Ella, 71

Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), 14

Women’s Emergency Brigade, 276–277, 278–280

Woman’s Peace Party, 69, 87–88

Wycherly, Margaret, 68

Wylie, Ida, 68

Yaddo, 248–250, 313–314

Young, Art, 11, 63, 72, 118

Zetkin, Clara, 179

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