INDEX
“911,” 114
Achebe, Chinua: Things Fall Apart, 25; transposition, 3
adinkra symbols, 22
Adorno, Theodor, 62
Akan language. See Twi language
Allah is Not Obliged. See Allah n'est pas obligé
Anderson, Benedict, 84
Anyahuru, Israel, 145
Appel des arènes, L', 4, 13, 16–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 112, 173; bàkk in, 125, 128–38; griots in, 131, 138; journeys and, 114–15, 119–21, 124–39, 219; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 8, 114–15, 119–21, 124–39, 217–21; marriage in, 132; onomatopoeia in, 132–35; relationality and, 114–15, 119–21, 124–39, 156–59, 217–21; tree as metaphor in, 156–59; wrestling in 119–20, 125–38
Appiah, Armstrong, 22
Armah, Ayi Kwei, 11
Arom, Simha, 12
Au nom de ma patrie: Le people pris en otage, 65
Awadi, Didier, 64
Bakhtin, Mikhail, 33, 122–23, 175, 210–12
Bambara language, 2, 6, 7–8, 67, 71–73, 78, 83
Barthes, Roland, 27
Baumann, Richard, 175
Beautyful Ones are Not Yet Born, The, 11
Bebey, Francis, 7
bèlè. See tambour bèlè
Bemba, Sylvain, 52
bendrologie. See bendrology
bendrology, 31–35, 56, 86, 88, 142, 201
Benjamin, Walter, 171
Berger, Harris M., 62
Bernabé, Jean, 48, 161, 166, 185–186
Bérouard, Michel, 57
Berrian, Brenda F., 13
Between Two Worlds. See Ti Jean L'horizon
Bhabha, Homi, 85
Bideew Bou Bess, 114
biguine, 179
Bilby, Kenneth M., 40
binary cateogories: deconstruction of, 5, 16, 28–29, 31, 33, 35, 47–49, 73–74, 84–85, 91, 111, 121–22, 218;
“Birima,” 114
Black Atlantic, the, 14, 16, 47–48, 115, 152–55
Blérald-Ndagano, Monique, 194
Bleu, Jacob. See Jacobleu
Blou, Léna, 41
Boigny, Houphouët, 70
Bongie, Chris, 169
Boni, Tanela, 65
Born, Georgina, 62
Bouts de bois de Dieu, Les : 4, 13, 15, 17–19; 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; antiphony in, 100–101; background information about, 65–66 ; bara in, 8, 71–72, 92, 98–102; devinettes in, 80; drums and drumming and, 86, 91–96, 98–102, 108–10; griot traditions, 7, 79–83; legend of Goumba N'Diaye, 101–2; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 8, 71–73, 79–83, 85–86, 91–102, 108–10, 217–21; mortars and pestles in, 96–98, 108–10; musical instruments in, 86, 91–102, 108–10; reappropriation and, 65–67, 71–73, 79–83, 85–86, 91–102, 108–10, 219; relationality and, 8, 71–73, 79–83, 85–86, 91–102, 108–10, 217–21; repetition and, 81–83, 100–102; social activism and 65–67, 71–73, 79–83, 85–86, 91–102, 108–10, 219; women's march in, 93–94, 100–101, 108–10
Breath, Eyes, Memory, 11
Bridge of Beyond, The. See Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle
Briggs, Charles L., 175
Briggs, Philip, 22
Brown, E. K., 24
Cadasse, David, 161
Cahier d'un retour au pays natal, 162, 177
Cage, John, 10
Cailler, Bernadette, 119
call and response. See antiphony
Call of the Arenas, The. See Appel des arènes, L'
Carrol, Michael Thomas, 62
Casamayor, Odette, 154
Case, Frederick Ivor, 85
Cazenave, Odile, 137
ceddo. See tiado
Césaire, Aimé, 13, 148–49, 162, 176–78
Chailley, Jacques, 24
Chalumeau, Fortuné, 116
Chamoiseau, Patrick: 4, 17–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61; bibliographical information, 166; biographical information, 166; Caribbean identity and, 185–87 ; chamoisification, 164, 175; Creole Folktales, 117; Écrire au pays dominé, 177, 186, 196–97; écrire-lire, 197; Éloge de la créolité, 48, 161, 166, 172, 177, 185–86; francophonie and, 57, 90, 185–87, 212–13; intertextual references to, 175; Solibo Magnifique, 160, 163–7, 170–72, 176–78, 180–82, 184–85, 187–89, 192–203, 210–221; Quand les murs tombent : L'identité nationale hors-la-loi ?, 177–78, 186–67
Chaudière, Anse, 207
chéchia soldiers, 93
Chirac, Jacques, 64
Cissé, Madjiguène, 132
clarinet, 11
Clermont, Thierry, 154
Clifford, James, 42
Cogdell DjeDje, Jacqueline, 6
Condé, Maryse : 4, 17–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61; bibliographical information, 167 ; biographical information, 166; cannibalism and, 175–76 ; Caribbean identity and, 185–87 ; francophonie and, 46–47, 57, 90, 185–87, 208–9, 212; Traversée de la mangrove, 160, 163, 167–68, 170–73, 175–76, 178–80, 187–92, 202–9, 211, 215–21
Confiant, Raphaël, 48, 116, 161, 166, 185–86
Constant, Isabelle, 117–18, 146
Constitution: of Côte d'Ivoire, 44; of Senegal, 2;
Cooper, G. Burns, 10
Corneille, 64
Corzani, Jacques, 178
Creole Folktales, 117
Creole language, 8–9, 29, 46–48, 57, 116–19, 160–66, 175–82, 185–87, 189–213
creoleness. See créolité
créolité, 48, 160–62, 177, 185–86
creolization, 40–42, 154, 168–70, 177
Critique du rythme, 26
Crossing the Mangrove; See Traversée de la mangrove
Crosta, Suzanne, 136
culture, definitions and problematizations of, 42–43
Daara J, 114
dance: communicative functions of, 134; dance of the handkerchiefs in Ti Jean L'horizon, 145–47; dance of the hunters in Les soleils des indépendances, 106–7, relationality and, 41, 106–7, 134, 145–47, 179–81, social functions, 41, 106–7, 134, 145–47, 179–81, Solibo Magnifique in, 180–81; Traversée de la mangrove in, 179–80
Danticat, Edwidge, 11
Delas, D., 24
Deleuze, Gilles, 14, 16, 48–49, 115, 152–53
Derrida, Jacques, 88–90, 121–24
Desroches, Monique, 195
devinettes: African, 80; Bouts de bois de Dieu, in, 80 ; Caribbean, 171 ; Solibo Magnifique, in, 171
dialgaty, 114
Dialogic Imagination, The, 33, 122–23
dialogism, in the novel, 33, 115, 122–23
Diop, David, 12
drum languages: Caribbean in, 57–58, 140–52, 162–63, 182, 192–201; 205, 214–16; mortars and pestles as, 96–98, 143–47; trancriptions of, 194–201; West Africa in, 56–58, 86, 92, 93–99, 121–22, 140–52, 200–201;
drummed literature. See instrumental literature
drummologie. See drummology
drummology, 34–36, 56, 86, 201
drums and drumming: celebration, and, 100–111; change, as signals of, 55–56, 98–111, 149–52; characterizations of, 17–18, 29, 50–58, 85–88, 91–96, 98–111, 119–20, 124–52, 158–59, 162–63, 192–202, 205, 213–15; communicative mechanisms as, 35, 55–58, 85–88, 91–111, 140–52, 162–63, 192–202, 205; defunctionalization of, 39–40; folklore about, 35–36, 149–52; magicospiritual associations and, 36, 134–35, 149–52, 201; mortars and pestles as, 91, 96–98, 108–10, 143–47; reference as, 124–52, 158–59; relationality and, 38–41, 50–55, 85–88, 91–111, 119–20, 124–52, 158–59, 162–63, 192–202, 205, 231–15; social functions, 37–38, 91–111, 124–52, 162–63, 192–202, 205, 213–15; storytelling traditions and, 192–202; transcriptions of, 194–202; transpoetic mechanisms as, 33, 38–41, 50–55, 85–88, 91–111, 119–20, 124–52, 158–59, 162–63, 192–202, 205, 231–15; women as drummers, 37; wrestling and popular sport, and, 119–20, 124–38
Écrire en pays dominé, 177, 186
Éditions du Seuil, publication history and, 66
Effa, Gaston-Paul, 59
Éléments de rythmanalyse, 10–11, 25–26, 110
Éloge de la créolité, 48, 161, 177
Enel, Catherine, 2
Erlam, Rosemary, 191
Eve, 114
Fakoly, Tiken Jah, 63
Fampou, François, 50–51, 56, 87–88,
Finnegan, Ruth, 34
folklore: African, 7, 35–36, 77–83, 101–2, 105–6, 116, 125, 128–38, 141–49, 179–80; Appel des arènes in, 125, 128–38; Bouts de bois de Dieu in, 7, 79–83, 101–2; Caribbean, 115–19, 140–52, 163–65, 176–82, 192–202, 214–16; dawa, the divine drummer, 149–52; drums and drumming about, 35–36, 149–52; Legend of Goumba N'Diaye, 101–2; Soleils des indépendances in, 7, 77–79, 81, 105–6; Solibo Magnifique, 163–65, 176–78, 181–82, 192–202, 214–16; Ti Jean L'horizon in, 115–19, 140–52; Traversée de la mangrove in, 179–80
food: Senegalese, 2, 113; Solibo Magnifique in, 200; Ti Jean L'horizon in, 143–45;
Fox, Robert, 3
francophone: Ancelet, Barry and, 89–90; Bouraoui, Hédi and, 73–74, 84–85; Chamoiseau and, 57, 90, 185–87, 212–13; Condé and, 46–47, 57, 90, 185–86, 208–9, 212; definitions of, 43–44; Dracius, Suzanne and, 89–90; francophone versus Francophone, 43–44; Glissant, and, 186–87; humanism, 84; Kourouma and, 44–46, 67, 70, 74–76, 83–85, 89–91; Maximin and, 57; problematization of 43–47, 57–59, 67–76, 83–85, 89–91, 185–87, 208, 212–13; Schwarz-Bart and, 57, 90; Sembene and, 67–74, 83–85, 90–91, 208; See also language practices and policies
francophonie. See francophone
Frith, Simon, 174
Frontiers: A Festival of Franco-British Writers on Identity (2003), 160–62
funerary traditions: Caribbean in, 189–92, 201, 204–9; Ô Pays, Mon beau peuple! in, 94–95; Soleils des indépendances in, 95–96, 106–7; Traversée de la mangrove in, 189–92, 204–9; West Africa in, 94–96, 106–7;
Gauvin, Lise, 227
Gawlo, Coumba, 114
gewel. See griot
Gilroy, Paul, 14, 16, 47–48, 115, 152–55
Glissant, Édouard, 14, 16, 38–41, 48–50, 84, 115, 148–49, 152–54, 166, 168–70, 174–75, 177–78, 184, 186–87
God's Bits of Wood. See Bouts de bois de Dieu, Les
Gordon, Raymond G., Jr., 44
graffiti, 162
griot: 6–7, 35–37, 77–83, 87–88, 131, 138, 141–42; women as, 138
Guadeloupe pittoresque, 178
Guattari, Félix, 14, 16, 48–49, 115, 152–53
Guesde, Dominique, 178
Guilbault, Jocelyne, 8
Gyasi, Kwaku A., 3
Gyssels, Kathleen, 118
gwo ka, 41, 46–47, 57, 146, 162, 192–202, 205, 213
Hanna, Judith Lynne, 145
Hazael-Massieux, Marie-Christine, 196
Heady, Margaret, 155
Heidegger, Martin, 28
Hesmondhalgh, David, 62
Holquist, Michael, 123
Huntington, Julie, 152
In Praise of Creoleness. See Éloge de la créolité
indiginization strategies. See localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic,
infertility in Les Soleils des indépendances, 66–67, 104–5
instrumental language. See drummed language
instrumental literature, 31–35, 56–57, 86–88, 90–91, 121–22, 141–47, 162–63, 182, 192–202, 213–15, 218
instrumentaliture, 15–16, 85–88, 90–111, 121–22, 124–52, 162–63, 182, 192–202, 205, 213–16, 218
interculturalité. See interculturality
intertextuality, 13, 175–84, 196–97
Jackson-Lowman, Huberta, 22
Jacobleu, 65
jali. See griot
Jazz, 11
jèli. See griot
Joignot, Frédéric, 154
Julien, Eileen, 3
Kadish, Doris Y., 209
Kassé, Maguèye, 83
Kazi-Tani, Nora Alexandra, 3
Keil, Charles, 5
Keur Momar Sarr, Senegal, 1–3, 5–7, 112–13
Kidjo, Angelique, 64
Knepper, Wendy, 210
Kourouma, Ahmadou : 4, 15, 17–19, 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; Allah n'est pas obligé, 53–55; bibliographical information, 70; biographical information, 70; francophonie and, 44–46, 67, 70, 74–76, 83–85, 89–91; griot as 77; Monolinguisme de l'autre, Le, and, 89–90; repetition and, 77, 81, 95–96; Soleils des indépendances, Le, 4, 7, 13, 15, 17–19, 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 65–67, 76–79, 81, 85–86, 91–92, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11, 217–21; transposition, 3, 75–77, 90
Kristeva, Julia, 175
Kubayanda, Josephat, 13
Kudoto, Antoinette, 37
Kundera, Milan, 164
LaFontaine, Marie-Celine, 189–90, 192–93
Lagarde, Emmanuel, 2
language practices and policies: Côte d'Ivoire in, 44–46, 67–68, 74–75, 83, 85, 89–90; Francophonie in, 43–47, 57–59, 67–76, 83–85, 89–91, 185–87, 208, 212–13; Guadeloupe in, 8, 44, 46–47, 57, 160–63, 185–87, 208–9; Mali in, 67; Martinique in, 8, 44, 57, 89–90, 160–63, 185–87, 198–201; Senegal in 2, 5–6, 44, 67–69, 71–74, 83, 85
Larrier, Renée, 180
Leclerc, Jacques, 6, 44–45, 67–68
lecture-écriture, 28, 58, 88, 123–24
Lefebvre, Henri, 10–11, 25–26, 32, 110
legends. See folklore
Leupp, Gary, 64
Liberia, military conflict in, 53–55
localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic: definitions of, 8–9, 15, 44; Chamoiseau and, 8–9, 163–67, 170–72, 176–78, 180–82, 184–85, 187–89, 192–203, 210–21; Condé and, 163, 168, 170–73, 175–76, 178–80, 187–92, 202–9, 211, 215–21; Kourouma and, 74–79, 81, 85–86, 88, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 217–21; Schwarz-Bart and, 114–20, 125, 138–52, 217–21; Sembene and, 8, 71–74, 78–83, 85–86, 88, 91–102, 108–10, 217–21; Sow Fall and, 8, 114–15, 119–21, 124–39, 217–21
Lopès, Henri: transposition, 3
Louga, Senegal, 3, 112–14, 119–20
MC Solaar, 114
Maître de la parole, Le, 77–79
Malinké language, 2, 6–7, 12, 66–67, 74–78, 90, 103, 126
mangrove as metaphor, 168–70, 187–92, 202–3, 211
marriage : Appel des arènes in, 132; Soleils des indépendances in, 104–6, Ti Jean L'horizon in, 148
Martin, Jean-Pierre, 28
Martin, Peter, 58
Matins de couvre-feu, 65
Mattern, Mark, 62
Maximin, Daniel, 57
mazurka, 179
mbira, 12
Melnick, Daniel C., 3
Merleau Ponty, Maurice, 122
Meschonnic, Henri, 26, 28, 58, 62, 88, 123–24
Message of African Drumming, 37–40, 56–57
métissage, 154
military conflict: Côte d'Ivoire in, 63–65; French involvement in, 63–65; Liberia in, 53–55; Sierra Leone in, 53–55
Monolinguism of the Other. See Monolinguisme de l'autre, Le
Monolinguisme de l'autre, 88–90, 121–24
Morgan, Janice, 177
Morrison, Toni, 11
mortars and pestles, 91, 96–98, 106, 108–11, 143–47
Mudimbé-Boyi, Elisabeth, 148
music: celebration and, 100–111; communication and, 35, 55–58, 85–88, 91–111, 140–52, 162–63, 182, 192–201, 205, 214–16; death and mourning and, 17, 94–96, 160–216; definitions of, 4–11, 14; journeys and, 16, 112–59; notation of, 13, 31; reappropriation and, 62–111; relationality and, 30, 62–111, 112–59, 160–216, 217–21; social activism and, 15, 62–111; women's traditions, 37, 64–65, 93–94, 96–98, 100–101, 108–10
musicians, West African, non-griot, 3, 36–37
Musique Danmyé-Kalennda-Bèlè de Martinique, 13, 195
New York City, New York, 20–23
Ngom, Mbangnick, 2
Niang, Sada, 68–69, 128–29, 133
Niangoran-Bouah, Georges, 34–37, 56, 86, 201
Nketia, J. H. Kwabena, 12, 56, 86
Nuit des griots, La, 35–36, 135
N'Zengou-Tayo, Marie-José, 164, 211
Nzewi, Meki, 145
Ô pays, mon beau peuple!, 94–96
Ohiaraumunna, Tom, 145
onomatopoeia, 13, 96, 132–35, 194–201, 215
oraliture, characterizations of, 16, 34, 86–87, 90–91, 200, 218
Outtara, Aboubakar, 85
Pacere, Titinga Frédéric, 31–35, 37, 56, 86, 88, 142, 201
Penser la musique aujourd'hui, 29–30
performance literature. See instrumentaliture or instrumental literature
Perse, Saint-John, 175
Pineau, Gisèle, 116
Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle, 52–53, 55
Poetics of Relation. See Poétique de la Relation
Poétique de la Relation, 38–41, 48–50, 186
Poissonnier, Ariane, 64
polyphony, 12–13, 71–72, 108–9, 114–15, 122–23, 126, 135, 175, 182–84, 188
polyrhythm, 12–13, 29, 71–72, 100
popular sport, social functions of, 135–36
Porra, Véronique, 161
Positive Black Soul, 114
Pratt, Ray, 62
Presses de l'Université de Montréal, Les, publication history and, 66
Price, Richard, 207
print capitalism, 85
proverbs: African, 22–23, 70, 78–79, 83, 141; American, 22; Bouts de bois de Dieu in, 78–79; disappearing heritage, 83; drumming and, 141; Kourouma and, 70
Quand les murs tombent : L'identité nationale hors-la-loi ?, 177–78, 186
Rabelais and His World, 210
reading experience of music, 173–74, 183–84
reading-writing. See lecture-écriture
Redding, Otis, 181
Relation, the, 14, 16, 38–41, 48–50, 84, 115, 152–54
Return to My Native Land. See Cahier d'un retour au pays natal
rhizome, the, 14, 16, 48–49, 115, 152–53
rhythm: celebration and, 100–111; communication and, 35, 55–58, 85–88, 91–111, 140–52, 162–63, 182, 192–201, 205, 214–16; death and mourning and, 17, 94–96, 160–216; definitions of,4–11, 14, 20–21, 25–26, 60–61; journeys and, 16, 112–59; location and, 20–23; novel in the, 24–25; reappropriation and, 62–111; relationality and, 30, 62–111, 112–59, 160–216, 217–21; social activism and, 15, 62–111; women's traditions, 37, 64–65, 93–94, 96–98, 100–101, 108–10
Rhythmanalysis: Space, Time, and Everyday Life. See Éléments de rythmanalyse
riddles. See devinettes
Ridehalgh, Anna, 83
Rowe, John Carlos, 42
rural radio in Senegal, 2
Sangaré, Oumou, 64
Saussure, Ferdinand de, 27
Schwarz-Bart, André, 116
Schwarz-Bart, Simone, 4, 16–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; bibliographical information, 116; biographical information, 116; francophonie and, 57, 90; négritude, critique of, 148–49; Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle, 52–53, 55; rootsrevision model, 152–56, 158–59; Ti Jean L'horizon, 114–20, 125, 138–56, 158–59, 217–21
Sebeok, Donna Umiker, 86
Sebeok, Thomas, 86
Seeger, Anthony, 203
Seeger, Charles, 31
Sembene, Ousmane: 1, 3–4, 15, 17–19, 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; bibliographical information, 69–70; biographical information, 69–70; Bouts de bois de Dieu, 4, 13, 15, 17–19, 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 65–67, 71–74, 78–83, 85–86, 88, 91–102, 108–10, 217–21; francophonie and, 67–74, 84–85, 90–91, 208; as griot, 79; Guelwaar, 80–81, 93–94, 96; Moolaadé, 103; Ô pays, mon beau peuple!, 94–96;
semiotics, 27
Senghor, Léopold Sédar, 12–13, 148–49, 176
Serer language, 2, 6, 67, 126, 132
Sierra Leone, military conflict in, 53–55
silence, importance of, 213–14
Small, Christopher, 82
small soldiers. See child soldiers
Snoop Dogg, 114
So Long a Letter. See Une si longue lettre
Soleil est parti à M'pemba, Le, 52
Soleils des indépendances, Les: 4, 13, 15, 17–19, 23–24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; background information, 66; dance of the hunters, 106–7; drums and drumming and, 86, 91–92, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11; excision, 103–4, 106; funerary rituals, 94–96, 106–7; griot traditions, 7, 77–79, 81; guns as percussive devices, 106–7; infertility in 66–67, 104–5; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 76–79, 85–86, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11, 217–21; marketplace in, 110–11; marriage, 104–6; mortars and pestles in, 106–7; musical instruments in, 12, 86, 91–92, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11; myth and, 105–6; prison, Fama's liberation from, 107–8; publication history, 66; reappropriation and 65–67, 76–79, 85–86, 91–92, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11, 219; relationality and, 76–79, 85–86, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11, 217–21; repetition in, 95–96; social activism >and 65–67, 76–79, 85–86, 91–92, 95–96, 98, 102–8, 110–11, 219;
Solibo Magnificent. See Solibo Magnifique
Solibo Magnifique, 4, 13, 17–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 160; carnivalesque in, 212; dance in, 179–81; death and mourning in, 163–67, 170–72, 181–82, 188–89, 192–203, 210–14, 219–20; drummer in, 192–201, 214–16; ethnographer in, 165, 177–78, 181–82, 210–11; folklore and, 163–67, 176–78, 181–82, 192–203, 214–16; intertextuality in, 176–78, 180–82; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 8–9, 163–67, 170–72, 176–78, 180–82, 184–85, 187–89, 192–203, 210–21; marriage in, 104–6; memory in, 170–72, 180–82, 188–89, 192–203, 210–16; mosaic identities in, 172, 180–82, 184–85, 188–89, 192–203, 210–16; police report in, 164–65, 167, 181–82, 188–89, 210–16; relationality and, 163–67, 170–72, 176–78, 180–82, 184–85, 187, 192–203, 210–21; silence in, 213–14; storyteller in, 163–66, 170–72, 177–78, 180–82, 188–89, 192–203, 210–16; transcribed drum solo in, 194–97; transposed story in, 198–201; wound as metaphor in, 211–12
sounding off, 19, 111, 216, 220–21
Sow Fall, Aminata: 1, 3–4, 16–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 90, 112, 173; Appel des arènes, L', 114–15, 119–21, 124–39, 156–59, 217–21; bibliography, 120; biography, 120–21; roots model of identity, 156–59
Stone, Ruth, 7
study abroad, student experiences, 60
structuralism, 27
Suns of Independence, The. See Soleils des indépendances, Les
Tambour Babel, 162
tambour bèlè, 11, 13, 195, 201
tambour calebasse. See bendré tam-tam
tambour dejanbe, 195
tanbou bèlè. See tambour bèlè
tanbou dejanbe. See tambour dejanbe
Tcheuyap, Alexie, 197
Terray, M. L., 24
Terrine, Jean-Marc, 201
texted: as adjective 3; as verb, 3
Things Fall Apart, 25
Thompson, Robert Farris, 134
Ti Jean L'horizon : 4, 13, 16–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 173; background information, 115–16; dance and, 145–47; drums and drumming in, 140–52; folklore and, 115–19, 140–52; food, importance of, 143–45; gunfire in, 149–50; journeys and, 114–20, 125, 138–56, 158–59, 219; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 114–20, 125, 138–52, 217–21; marriage in, 104–6; mortars and pestles in, 143–47; relationality and 114–20, 125, 138–56, 158–59, 217–21; repetition in, 149–51; tree as metaphor in, 152–56, 158–59
tiado, 132
tirailleur soldiers, 93
Toyo, Adebayo, 85
Traité du tout-monde, 48, 168–60, 184, 185
transcription, musical, 13, 31
transcultural transpoetic space, 14–19, 47–50, 91, 111, 115, 129–31, 152–59, 162–63, 168–70, 173, 175, 179–80, 183–87, 192–203, 212–14, 217–21
transculture, 14–19, 42–43, 73, 91, 111, 129–31, 146–47, 168–70, 173, 175, 179, 183–87, 192–203, 212–14, 217–21
transpoetics, 14–19, 27–30, 91, 111, 129–31, 173, 175, 183–87, 192–203, 212–14, 217–21
transposition, 3, 19, 74–77, 87, 90–92, 111, 122, 129–33, 164, 173–75, 179, 188, 194–202, 218–20
Traversée de la mangrove : 4, 13, 17–19, 24, 29, 42, 50, 61, 160; dance in, 179–80; death and mourning in, 163, 167–68, 170–73, 180, 188–92, 202–9, 211, 215–16, 219; drums and drumming in, 205; folklore in, 179–80; funerary traditions in, 189–92, 204–9; intertextuality in, 175–76, 178–80; localization strategies, linguistic and stylistic, 163, 168, 170–73, 175–76, 178–80, 187–19, 202–9, 211, 215–21; mangrove as metaphor in, 168–70, 187–92, 202–3, 211, 215–16; maroons in, 207–8; memory in, 170–73, 175–80, 188–92, 202–9, 215–16; mosaic identities in, 172–73, 178–80, 188–92, 202–9, 211, 215–16; relationality and, 163, 167–68, 170–73, 175–76, 178–80, 187–92, 202–9, 211, 215–21; storyteller in, 179–80; vocal music in, 202–6
Tro-Deho, Roger, 3
Twi language, 22
Tyler, Edwina Lee, 37
Une si longue lettre, 135
Valéry, Paul, 26
vénéré. See véyé
Viviane, 114
Wade, Abdoulaye Sidibé, 2
Walking Tree, Afia, 37
Wolof language, 2, 6, 7–8, 67–73, 78, 83, 113, 116, 126, 130–34
World Meteorological Association, 21
xalam, 137
Yankah, Kwesi 62
Zabus, Chantal, 44
zouc. See zouk